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         France          
​pro-natalist country 

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pro natalist policy 

A pro-natalist policy is the practice of encouraging the bearing of children to increase the population of a country.

examples:

Picture


 France- (1939) "code de la famille" policy:

-they offered cash bonus  to mothers who stayed home to care for their children.  
-banning the sale of contraceptives.
-the government payed up to £1064 to couples having a third child.
-they gave away generous maternity salary.
​-families got 30% reduced on public transportation.

Picture
Russia- (1930s) policy:

-"Day of conception"- citizens are dismissed from work to encourage them to mate with their partner on the 12th of September.  In addition to that, if on the 12th of June a child is born, the family will receive gifts such as TV, cars and other luxurious gifts. 
-a already paid summer camp with private tents and no condoms available was offered for young adults.
In 2006 Putin decided that:
-approximately 337.45 €  was offered to women who who had a second child 
-mothers were given longer maternity leave 
-mothers with large families were rewarded by medals and gifts.  

Picture
Singapore- (1987) policy:

- The government encouraged/advertised the phrase: "have three or more children if you can afford it"
- A baby  bonus plan was introduced which gave cash to mothers giving birth to their first child.
- The government sent out Valentine cards to encourage people to "make love, not money" to increase the  birth rate.
-They have also arranged weekend cruises to match- make people that have a potential  to become a couple.




​              FRANCE CASE STUDY 


What

"As it's population ages, France needs more babies."
-San Diego  Union-Tribune Feb 06 
PictureCute baby from France
​          In 1939, France became a Pro- natalist country by creating a  policy called "code de la famille". 
France faced  issues of having low fertility rate, and not having enough economically active people.

​They wanted and needed  women to have more children to increase their fertility rate. They were willing to pay more to have more babies being born.
​
​The economically active population must pay taxes towards elderlies pensions to ensure that they are taken care of as elderlies. If there are not enough economically active people, (in most cases it's young people) then the country will have a decrease in the amount of care the elderlies receive due to the lack of fundings from the small economically active population.



Useful essay about France
Picture
The population of France was increasing but not high enough so the government was aiming to increase it. Their fertility rate was low and their elderly population was high and needed to be decreased. Having a higher young dependency ratio was better for them than having a higher old dependency ratio so that for the future the country would be more economically active. 

A lot of European women had the privilege of having access to decent jobs, so many of them were choosing to work over having children. This worried the government as they were afraid that France's population was not going to replace itself overtime. 

Solutions

As mentioned before the French government created a legislation policy called "Code de la famille".
The policy include the following:

​- cash was offered to mothers who stayed home to take care of her children.

- privileged holidays were offered for free.

- 
contraceptives (condoms. birth pills) were banned.

- the government gave generous maternity leave to mothers whilst being payed nearly the same price as their normal pay.

- 30% reduction on public transport to families with 3 children

- nursing mothers were allowed to work part-time.
Encouragement from the French government 



​Childcare costs nothing to around 500€ a month depending on how wealthy people are.

Full tax benefits are given to parents until the youngest child reaches the age of 18. 

Mothers or housewives are given pension plans which the employer and employee put money into a fund to provide the employee with a retirement pension. 

Couples having a third child are given up to  about 1447€  for the family to manage a stable life with three children.
​

Fertility rate declining from 1960s to 1990s

1939
1960 
1967
1992 (declining)
2007 (increasing)
Creation of "code de la famille"
Fertility rate=2.73 children per woman
The banning of contraceptives was removed
Fertility rate= 1.73 children per women
Fertility rate= 1.998 children per women
Prezi presentation about "Code de la famille"
It shows here that when the Policy was set, it took some time before the fertility rate started properly increasing.


​What is going on today?

Picture
France population increasing from 1950 2010 and then estimated to keep increasing up to 2100
The ex-Prime Minister, Dominique de Villepin claims that baby booms and immigration will help to make “France the most populous country in Europe by 2030.”
The "code de la famille" was initially introduced in 1939 and still today it is improving to raise the fertility rate of France. The policy started off with the banning of contraception but in 1967, it was removed to stop the spread of STDs and other sexual transmitted diseases. 

The policy has been very successful  and is politically neutral , the different parties in the French government are supportive and positive that it will continue to be successful. France population is currently 64.8 million people, the United Nations have estimated that the population of France will be 69.2 million by 2030 and 69.8 by 2050.

​ The government recently announced that they were planning on raising the retirement age from 60 to 62 by 2018. They want to increase the support ratio ( economically active people). In the futur, it may be hard for France to to fund the Pro-natalist policy as they are spending bilions today, in which it will reduce the policies success resulting in it failing completely and the issue of paying elderly's social care will worsen. 



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  • Home
    • How to make a website: Tools and experiences
    • Maps and Regions
    • Travel Photographs and Videos
    • Live: Global Hazards and Disasters
    • Geography in the news
    • The Big Geography Challenge
  • New IB Geography 2017 onwards
    • IB Geography Introduction
    • Part 1: Geographical Themes >
      • Option B: Oceans and coastal margins >
        • 1. Ocean–atmosphere interactions
        • 2. Interactions between oceans and coastal places
        • 3. Managing coastal margins
        • 4. Ocean management futures
      • Option D: Geophysical Hazards >
        • 1. Geophysical systems
        • 2. Geophysical hazard risks
        • 3. Hazard risk and vulnerability
        • 4. Future resilience and adaptation
    • Part 2: Core Units (SL&HL) >
      • Unit 1: Changing Population >
        • 1. Population and economic development patterns
        • 2. Changing Populations and Places
        • 3. Challenges and opportunities
      • Unit 2: Global climate—vulnerability and resilience >
        • 1. Causes of global climate change
        • 2. Consequences of global climate change
        • 3. Responding to global climate change
      • Unit 3: Global resource consumption and security >
        • 1: Global trends in consumption
        • 2: Impacts of changing trends in resource consumption
        • 3: Resource stewardship
    • Part 3: HL Core Extensions >
      • Unit 4: Power, places and networks >
        • 1. Global interactions and global power
      • Unit 5: Human development and diversity
      • Unit 6: Global risks and resilience
    • Internal Assessment
    • Why should I study IB Geography?
  • IB Geography (Old Syllabus)
    • IB Core >
      • 1. Populations in Transition
      • 2. Disparities in Wealth and Development
      • 3. Patterns in Environmental Quality and Sustainability
      • 4. Patterns in Resource Consumption
    • Part 1: Geographical Themes >
      • Oceans and their Coastal Margins
      • Hazards and disasters - risk assessment and response
      • Freshwater - issues and conflicts
      • Urban Environments
    • Global Interactions - HL >
      • Measuring Global Interactions
      • Changing Space - The Shrinking world
      • Economic Interactions and Flows
      • Environmental Change
      • Sociocultural Exchanges
      • Political Outcomes
      • Global Interactions at the Local Level
    • IB Guidance >
      • Syllabus Guidance
      • IB Examination Guidance
    • Extended Essay
  • IGCSE Geography
    • Theme 1: Population and settlement >
      • Population Dynamics
      • Migration
      • Settlements
      • Urban Settlements
      • Urbanisation
    • Theme 2: The natural environment >
      • Plate Tectonics
      • Coasts
      • Rivers
      • Weather and Climate
      • Climate and Ecosystems
    • Theme 3: Economic development >
      • Development
      • Food Production
      • Industry
      • Energy
      • Tourism
      • Water
      • Environmental Risks of Economic development
    • GCSE Key Terms
    • GCSE Coursework
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    • IGCSE Geography Examination Advice
    • IGCSE Revision Games
  • Key Stage 3
    • Year 6 >
      • My Place
      • Rivers
      • Brazil
    • Year 7 >
      • Maps and the world
      • Rocky Landscapes
      • Settlement
      • Weather & Climate
    • Year 8 >
      • Maps Introduction
      • Plate Tectonics
      • Economic Activity
      • Biomes
    • Year 9 >
      • Map Skills - review
      • Development
      • Coasts
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      • Paradise lost - Tourism in Thailand
  • AS Level Geography
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    • Crowded Coasts
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